Table 4 DPPH radical scavenging capacity of the extract of an apple cultivar (Malus domestica cv. Fuji) peel and the apple peel powder by three different powdering methods

Extraction solvent	DPPH radical scavenging capacity (mg VCE/100 g sample)1)

	Ground apple peel	Freeze-dried apple peel powder	Hot-air dried apple peel powder	Ultrafine particle apple peel powder

Water	95±42)^bC	513±20^cA	502±6^abB	267±60^dB
20% MeOH	110±2^aD	647±15^bA	526±14^aB	317±1^bcdC
40% MeOH	112±3^aD	836±12^aA	453±11^bcB	426±1^aC
60% MeOH	117±1^aD	868±34^aA	510±13^abB	366±13^bC
80% MeOH	112±5^aD	841±33^aA	497±49^abB	338±49^bcC
100% MeOH	91±3^bD	673±28^bA	407±20^cB	308±20^cdC

¹⁾ DPPH radical scavenging activities are expressed as mg vitamin C equivalents (VCE)/100 g sample.
²⁾ Data are expressed as a mean±SD (n=3).
^a-dMean in a column by different superscripts are significant different at p<0.05 by Tukey’s multiple range test.
^A-DMean in a row by different superscripts are significant different at p<0.05 by Tukey’s multiple range test.